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Present assignment is a report of literature review based on company analysis of Toyota & value of project management

Home, - Project Management of Toyota

Previous report, type of studies, and findings

Previous studies on the nature of project manganite have conceptualized the ideology as uni-dimension, where important activities are concerned to meeting, time, budget, and resource management. The research by Yildizet al. (2017) have assisted with understanding of critical success factors (CSF) such as leadership, communication pattern, time orientation, determining goals and procedures to achieve, and competency level of employees. However, Su et al. (2015) have discussed the development of project management models that are mainly knowledge-based. In addition to this, there also exists demonstration about the use of total quality management (TQM) and internal models of performativity, by Ma et al. (2017) and Silviuset al. (2015). Altogether, summarizing these literature have not provided any clear relationship between project management and project success. However, it is released that the clear understanding could be obtained with inter-relationship of models adopted and objective framed in this context, which is the factor responsible for success at Toyota. These successful features include (i) introduction of disruptive technology in market, (ii) through analysis of rivalry companies; (iii) inclusion of customer perspective in strategic design, and (iv) focusing on competency level of employees (Sisson &Elshennawy, 2015).

The previous literature also advocated various dimensions that are requisite for accessing the project success. These include strategic terms that are useful for long-term as well as short-term objective (Laureani& Antony, 2018). The framework mainly include elements like (i) efficiency – goals related to budget and meetings; (ii) business perspectives – the market values, trends, and commercial utility of ideas are included; (iii) customer feedback – participation of customer in strategic design, meeting their needs, and competitive advantage; (iv) future perspectives – implementing change in workflow, technological investment, operational infrastructure for achieving market opportunities (Chawla and Chanda, 2018; De Toni, A., &Nassimbeni, 2016).

Epistemological perspectives

With reference to the validity of scope of project management planning the focus area of practice mainly include the assessment modules and utilization of total quality management framework. The leadership, policies, and strategies are mainly oriented to usage of resources in optimal manner and that the company should be able to make maximum benefits of the ideology. Based on the literature review, following focuses are realized (Ismyrlis, Moschidis&Tsiotras, 2015; Kumari, G., Joshi, G., & Pandey, 2015):

-          Promulgation and development of roles and responsibilities of employees and their management types.

-          Open way of partnership between customers, employees, collaborators, and third parties.

-          Focus on increasing the capacity of existing framework, which is through enhancement of competency level.

-          Using motivational theories for boosting the capacity of employees.

-          Policies and strategies must be utilized for improvement of workplace environment, removing negative emotions, and improving the communication flow across all the hierarchy.

-          Project life cycle must be rationalized with reference to resource utilization, budget, time management, responsibility assignment, and regular feedback cum analysis.

-          Use of key performance indicators. The learnings obtained will be further used as knowledge base.   

Research approaches and methodologies used

It should be noted that many of the project management terms are described by authors in form of “perspective review” and editorial notes. These are important as because the experiences of authors are mainly explained in these reports. However, there are other forms of report such as survey, model based analysis (mostly computational), and study samples or internal audit reports.

The questionnaire design are mainly structured online and is oriented towards assessment of performativity, efforts of employees, changes in strategic design, as well as collection of statement of opinion for change (Lei, H., Ganjeizadeh, Jayachandran&Ozcan, 2017). Second approach is the internal and external validity which are measured in terms of individual assessment and team assessment. The collection of information is mainly via face-to-face or e-mail communication. Lastly, the study sample approach is about the experience, problems, possible changes, and other requirement of employees itself (Kumari, G., Joshi, G., & Pandey, 2015). 

How literature review is linked to the research

The present literature review is related to the scope of present reports’ topic. The information thus presented discusses variables that determine the effectiveness of planning of any project. In addition to this, a direct relevance of these paradigm towards the effectiveness of working procedure is discussed. Furthermore, these information can be successfully used in designing the project management planning in other small to medium firms (Abu Bakar, Subari, &MohdDaril, 2015). Overall, it is learned that project management is merely not dependent on concept of management and leadership traits, but is a cumulative effort of both internal and external environment of Toyota Company. The inference that are achieved based on the perspective of business analyst, employees and customers, give the inference that for achieving the goals successfully for any organization, it is critical to determine the time limit, the investment of resources, as well as the internal environment of workplace (Lei, H., Ganjeizadeh, Jayachandran&Ozcan, 2017). Hence, not only the performance indicators, but also the management of staff, existing policies, and the overall lifecycle of project is critical.     

Identified gap

The identified gap in this context is the collective opinion of people working on these projects. Although the information present in this report is based on the perspective analysis of existing frameworks to improve the performativity of employees, it is also important to realize the existing problems, possible solution. In addition to this, it is also important to realize how the direct integration of customer’ perspectives into the strategic designing and planning are playing effective role. For such analysis, it is more useful to include survey and analyze the first-hand information obtained. 

Hypothesis: A future perspective

In order to obtain robust information about the linking of project management planning with the project success, it would be effective to work on direct hypothesis. Here, some of the variables identified with this report could be then linked in the form of hypothesis to the responsive variables. For example the variables identified in this report are leadership for project management, staff, policies and strategies, resources, lifecycle, and knowledge or performance indicators. These variables can be further analyzed with reference to the responsive variables like efficiency of project, impact on the customer, impact on team, business success, and timeliness for the projects.

Outline of Research Design and Methods

The present report is a literature review based on company analysis – Toyota. The focus area of this research is to identify the value of project management, in which the scope of project management performance is to be rationalized with reference to the concurrent success.

Brief outline

The literature review will be based on comparative analysis of views, perspective, and statistical records for Toyota Company. The sources of information will be based on peer-reviewed sources, which will be compared and contrasted to synthesize the secondary literature (De Medeiros, Ribeiro, 2014). In this way, a thorough search of relevant information can be obtained and ordered to present a comprehensive analysis.

Data Collection

Data will be collected based on literature reviews that specifically include the scope of project management terms in Toyota Company. The collected literature will be based on key words like “project management – Toyota”, “organization of projects – Toyota”, “workplace environment and outcomes – Toyota”, and “business strategies – Toyota”. Furthermore, in order to filter biased and back-dated information, literature published in last five years are considered.

Strength and limitation

This report presents a detailed analysis of the project management strategies employed at Toyota. In this sense, it make used of management theories and the justification of those are mentioned in the form of viewpoints and comments of various authors.

The limitation is that not all the information, case studies, and survey opinion are included in the report. However, a brief comparison and analysis of literature is presented in the form of secondary review. The first methodology of literature survey is adopted in the form of meta-analysis, which can present qualitative description. However, there are not statistical heterogeneity that can determine the suitability of adopting any specific style of management based on the success of failure rate (Bouncken, Gast, Kraus &Bogers, 2015).

Sampling procedure

Collected literature will first be selected based on relevance of title and key-words related to the present report’s scope. Furthermore, the filtering criteria like last five years of publication such that accurate and up-dated information can be included. Specific focus will be given on the tables and figures that would be used for describe the findings in paper. Moreover, the linked references used in such papers will also be explored to find relevant links to the information.

Ethical issues

The literature sources used will be explicitly mentioned in the report. No data will be falsified and that the correlation of each report with reference to the understanding obtained for the context will be written in clear language (De Medeiros, Ribeiro, 2014). This report will only be used for academic learning and have no commercial orientation. 


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